Shocking Facts Regarding Writing a Speech Uncovered

Shocking Facts Regarding Writing a Speech Uncovered Ideas, Formulas and Shortcuts for Writing a Speech When you compose a speech, your audience is composed of listeners. Utilizing jargon and slang when you attempt to get in touch with your audience. The crowd doesn't defend the weak. You're a specialist in whatever the speech is all about and familiar with the subject issue. There are a couple topics to omit from your very best man speech. There may be various regions of life whenever you're requested to make a speech. So once you get into the center portion of your speech and you do not anymore understand what things to write, you could always return to the outline of your speech so that you'd be in a position to easily continue from where you suddenly had a brain fart or that temporary mental lapse. The majority of the students don't understand how to compose a presentation, because they don't have such a subject at school. There are various types of speeches, and it's vital that speakers understand when to give which one. Learning how to compose a speech is straight forward once you learn how to write out loud. The New Angle On Writing a Speech Just Released Poor writing could lead to an audience to quit taking you seriously, even if your primary message is solid. If you are searching for top essay writing companies, try out the mentioned above. Narrative essays are normally assigned pieces of writing at various stages through school. There are numerous essay writing services that think they're the very best, and thus don't be cheated and check the legitimate list of the very best. Any mocking ought to be gentle and good-natured. Every speech story should incorporate an overall estimate of the number of folks are in the audience. If you get a hard time beginning to compose a speech, acquiring a speech outline would always work a great deal of wonders since it can also function as a guide for when you're writing. In addition, there are individuals who are more on visual learning as an alternative to hearing and you're doing them a terrific favor if you would take advantage of visual aids. Complete the purchase form and your speech help is going to be on the manner. You should write for your audience and not to write for your private satisfaction because, in the very first location, you're requested to deliver a speech for those people to hear and not just for you to hear. When you have the help you require, you're more likely to attain the results that you are wanting with your speech. Writing a Speech Can Be Fun for Everyone There are certain sorts of speeches, and each type consists of certain characteristics. You can learn more about the different forms of speeches and make a decision as to what speech type fits your assignment. If you wish to earn a funny best man speech, think about poking some type fun at the groom. An informative speech is practically the exact same as a demonstr ative speech but differs in the simple fact it does not use demonstrations. Where to Find Writing a Speech Regardless of what subject you're addressing, make sure to remain tolerant. Always utilize transition words between your examples in order for your audience will have the ability to adhere to the logic you're attempting to deliver. If you concentrate on a minor point too long then the audience will find the incorrect idea about what's vital. To assist you write from an audience perspective, identify either a true person or the sort of person who is probably to be listening to you. Two things have to be settled in your mind before you're prepared to compose your speech. When some individuals are excellent at improvising, it's still required to compose your speech in advance, let it soak in, then take another look at it to find any flaws you may have initially missed. They give speeches for a number of reasons, from arguing a point to explaining a process.

The Representation Of The Speaking Model - 949 Words

The speaking model also addresses the norms of an event, the norms address the shoulds and the should nots that can occur at a wedding. Although every bride and groom follows not each of these practices, there are many norms to a wedding held in America. Many norms followed start even months or years before the ceremony takes place. It all starts with choosing a date. This forms the base for your entire wedding; it defines what colors to use, what materials to wear, if guests can attend, and many other factors. Invitations are they sent out to all guests. Prior to the invitations, guests are chosen wisely to stay within budget. Some brides and grooms will allow their dates to bring a â€Å"plus one† or their own date, depending on the couple. Normally, there will be a pre-written and stamped envelope with the return address for RSVPs (respond s’il vous plait). A card in the envelope will allow you to choose whether you are attending or declining the invitation, bringing a guest, and what entree you would like on the day of the wedding. The couple now gets to decide on the little details of their wedding: where it will be located, the decorations and color scheme, what food will be served, and who will be on their bridal party. From there on, full wedding planning will be in effect. Wedding attire is very important to most colors. Men generally wear suits or tuxedos, and the women usually wear dresses that go with the color scheme. The bride now can pick out what she wants toShow MoreRelatedThe Theories Of A Scientific Research887 Words   |  4 Pagesof the key motivations for performing scientific research. Model is one of the most popular methods adopted by researchers to predict the future. The models of animal flocking behaviour, San Fransisco Bay model, and climate model are just few of the models which are regularly used to represent and explain the world in a simplified and mathematical way (Smith 2008; Weisberg 2013). Due to its countless applicable properties, the use of models is not limited to science only. After all, there are numerousRead MoreLanguage Arts Development Essay1695 Words   |  7 Pagesmany different aspects of learning. There are many theories that suggest the different ways that children learn, but in the end there are six key concepts that each child must master in order to be fully proficient. These are reading, writing, speaking, listening, viewing, and visually representing. These concepts build upon each other and work together to ensure that the child will have a strong educational foundation. Reading begins early in childhood and usually begins with a child learningRead MoreEAT1/2 Task 1 602.8-.3 Essay1217 Words   |  5 Pageshave created the most advanced system of language. Human language has advanced to include listening, speaking, reading, writing, viewing and visual representation. These components are known as the six language arts and while they are individual components they are as well interdependent. What you learn about one affects what and how you learn about the others. Listening is the foundation for speaking, reading and writing. Listening is how we interpret sounds that we hear and what those sounds meanRead MoreMusic Alone : Philosophical Reflections On The Purely Musical Experience1232 Words   |  5 Pagesto what makes the sounds we hear so impressionable upon our very being in an order to understand music. Peter Kivy discusses two models in his book, â€Å"Music Alone; Philosophical Reflections on the Purely Musical Experience†, accounting for musical appreciation, namely, the stimulation model and the representational model of musical pleasure. Kivy compares these two models of conceptualization on many different accounts. We learn, through his defense, that he takes the stance as to say that music isRead MoreIntrusive Images, Neural Mechanisms, And Treatment Implications1605 Words   |  7 Pagesprovides a revised dual representation theory of posttraumatic stress disorder, and discusses treatment implications associated with the n ew revised model to compare it with existing forms of psychological therapy. Characteristics â€Å"Intrusions are instances of involuntary or direct, as opposed to voluntary retrieval in that their appearance in consciousness is spontaneous rather than following a deliberate effort or search† (Brewin et al., 2010, p. 210). When speaking of intrusions, manyRead MoreNotes On Association Rule Mining1155 Words   |  5 Pagesreplication of low latency operations with all the clients. The performance of Cassandra is very high, and contains a data model which is divided into row store with consistency. Data Mining: The major calculations in Data mining and examination shape the premise for the rising field of information science, which incorporates computerized techniques to dissect designs and models for a wide range of information, with applications running from investigative disclosure to business insight and examinationRead MoreTrends And Patterns Of Asian North American1634 Words   |  7 PagesAsian-North American Representation in Hollywood Momo S. Tanaka University of Saskatchewan Trends and Patterns in Asian-North American Representation in Hollywood I saw the highly promoted movie adaptation of The Hunger Games in spring of 2012, and I left the theatre wondering one thing: where were all the Asians? This is not an uncommon occurrence: as a second generation Japanese-Canadian, I have grown up surrounded by American and Canadian media that lacks representation of Asians to theRead MoreThe Movie : Charlie Chan1692 Words   |  7 Pagesof their knowledge of Chan’s Heritage. It is hard not to get the occasional laugh out of Chan’s clever one-liners, and thus his character became extremely popular through this film. White Americans found interest in the film as they found Chan’s â€Å"model minority† stereotype as a â€Å"bright, shining example of hard work and patience whose example other minority groups should follow†(Huang 226). The success of Charlie Chan Carries On certainly paved the way for a more positive Asian stereotype, howeverRead MoreAntwone fisher and Personality1015 Words   |   4 Pagesâ€Å"observational learning or modeling will not occur unless the subject pays attention to the model† (Schultz Schultz, 2013). For example, even though Antwone was not raised by his biological parents, he had several influences in his life. Antwone’s foster mother had a momentous influence on Antwone. Antwone was violent towards him and may have taught him to be aggressive. However, there are some instances that a model does not always have an impact on an individual in every area of his or her life (SchultzRead MoreSurge Of Identity Through The Tobacco Industry Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesSurge of identity through the tobacco industry The 1960’s is infamous for its sense of freedom: the age of the hippies, bell bottoms, long free hair, rock n’ roll and love. Though, what people do not bluntly address is the lack of representation among the African American society. Fear harnessed the 1960’s with the Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War, and the assassinations of both John F Kennedy and Martin Luther King. In a way for the people to cope with the fear and anger of what was going on, people

Childrens ESL Lesson Old MacDonald Had a Farm

Level: Beginner (children)Focus: Vocabulary Note: This work was prepared to take advantage of all the potential of a song like â€Å"Old MacDonald Had a Farm† may offer to work with different kind of animals. The methodology used permits any teacher to adapt the matter according to their necessities. Grade Level: Young ChildrenSong: â€Å"Old Mac Donald Had a Farm†Lyric: Old MacDonald Had a Farm Traditional Old MacDonald had a farmEe-yi-ee-i-ohAnd on this farm there was a dogEe-yi-ee-i-ohWith a woof woof hereAnd a woof woof thereHere a woofThere a woofEverywhere a woof woofOld MacDonald had a farmEe-yi-ee-i-oh†¦. 2nd verse: cat/meow Optional from 3 to 6: 3rd verse: horse/neigh4th verse: duck/quack5th verse: cow /moo6th verse: pig/oink Objectives Make the students have fun making sounds.Children should have an active part in singing, making his or her animal sounds.The children will also learn to work with each other by presenting their piece in the song. Materials Needed to Teach the Lesson The songbook and tape of â€Å"Old Mac Donald Had a Farm.†The pictures of the animals of the song that contain the sound that each animal reproduces.Sheets of paper that children will use to match animals and the sound they make. They must have some pictures.Sheets of paper that contain the lyrics of â€Å"Old MacDonald Had A Farm† but the lyrics should have some blanks to be completed by each child. They should include some pictures. Teaching Procedure I. Preparing the Class: Choose animals the children know or pre-teach the animals for the song – ducks, pigs, horses, sheep etc.Make pictures of each animal for all children in the class. These pictures should have written the sound that the animals produce.Prepare sheets of paper to match animals and their sounds II. Introduction to the Lesson: Create a classroom mural titled What We Know About Farms.†Set up a farm display area to generate interest in the new classroom theme (might include straw hats, overalls, farm toys and of course animals).Hand out the pictures of each animal to all children in the class. Check that they know the English word for their animals.Make the children think about their favorite animal that lives on a farm.Make the student listen to the recording of â€Å"Old MacDonald Had A Farm†, and think about what animal from the song they want to be. (Then, they will be asked to participate according to the choice they made). III. Step by step Procedures for Teaching the Focus Concepts: Listen to the recording of the song line by line; Old MacDonald Had a Farm and ask children to join you according to the animal they have selected. If it is necessary, stop the song line by line until they get the idea.Sing the song together with the accompaniment provided on tape. Remember children may learn very easily by using echoic memory.Promote mimics, gestures, etc. associated with  the meaning to make children play a participative role freely. Remember children have energy and want to make noise. Songs will channel these natural inclinations positively. IV. Closure and Review of the Lesson: Divide up the children into their animal groups to sing Old MacDonald Had A Farm song without the accompaniment of the tape. Assessing Understanding of the Concept Taught Make the children sing in a cappella with their farm animal group. In this way, you will listen more closely to discover if the children are pronouncing correctly the most important words of the song such as the name of the animals and the sounds they produce.Hand out the sheets of paper that have the lyrics with some blanks.Finally, as an option, children may use a paper to match animal sounds to the correct farm animals at class or home. This lesson has kindly been provided by Ronald Osorio.

Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans Essay - 743 Words

An Ever-Growing Split The United States began as a weak, newborn nation that grew into a large, self-supporting country with a governing body unique to this time period. As the government grew and the nation prospered, the rise of leaders and political figures came about and with this, conflicting principles and ideology spawned, thus creating the first of the political parties; the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. Although the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans ideology and stances on the power of the federal government, domestic economic policies and the group of constituents they represented differed vastly, members of both parties often compromised their own beliefs for the nation’s best interest as a whole.†¦show more content†¦Another main issue concerning the parties and their different views was centered on domestic economic policies; the creation and sustainment of the National Bank. Federalists were in favor of the National Bank because they believed the nation would thrive off of business, commerce and industry. Although the Constitution did not state within itself the creation of a national banking system, Federalists often loosely interpreted the Constitution. Democratic-Republicans, on the other hand, were strongly opposed to the creation of the National Bank, fearing that it placed too much control in the hands of the federal government. Democratic-Republicans had a strict interpretation of the Constitution, meaning that if the Constitution did not explicitly authorize something to the federal government, then it was reserved to the states. Because of Federalist’s ideals that the nation would prosper off of industry, they gained much support from bankers, merchants, manufacturers, and the elite. Their support system was based in the North, due to the North’s growing industrial economy because of their bitter climate, ports, and abundance of natural resources. However, the Democratic-Republ icans gained much of the South’s vote because of their support in farmers and planters. Their belief in state’s rights, individualism, neutrality and preference of an agricultural society as opposed to an industrial society won them support in the south. With theirShow MoreRelatedFederalists vs. Democratic Republicans922 Words   |  4 Pagesthat was supposed to preserve our freedoms and certain liberties. All Americans at that time wanted to keep America a free an independent nation with rights for its people. However there was two different groups, the Federalists lead by Alexander Hamilton and the Democratic-Republicans led by Thomas Jefferson, which thought this could be achieved in very different ways. Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were very different in their methods to try and develop America as a nation. The twoRead MoreFederalists vs. Democratic Republicans Essay484 Words   |  2 PagesFederalists vs. Democratic Republicans George Washington himself wanted to avoid a party system in America. Unfortunately, even when saying this he was part of the beginning of one of the first parties in United States politics. There have been many different parties surface since the beginning of the American political system. They all have different thoughts, policies, and motivations. Each party has come and gone, some have made significant contributions and others have not. The first splitRead MoreReform Of Action : Federalists Vs Democratic Republican1440 Words   |  6 PagesPlan of Action: Federalists vs Democratic-Republican From 1789 to 1816, the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans approached many problems differently, sometimes however, they had the same solutions to problems which were posed by England and the Native Americans. The Federalists and Democratic-Republicans both had different and sometimes similar viewpoints on how to solve the problems they faced during this particular time period. Federalists supported a strong, huge government that had a looseRead MoreEmergence of a Two-Party System 1789-18081405 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical system in which the electorate gives its majority of votes to only two major parties and in which one or the other party can win a majority in the legislature. An example of a two-party system is the United States of America, which has the Republicans and the Democrats. For the candidacy to be president, the person must have a majority of the party supporting him or her. An advantage to having a two-party system is that it provides stability in the government so that not only one party wins theRead More Federalists VS Jeffersoneans Essay710 Words   |  3 PagesFederalists VS Jeffersoneans With respect to the federal Constitution, the Jeffersonian Republicans are usually characterized as strict constructionists who were opposed to the broad constructionism of the Federalists. As history dictates, this is found to be substantially accurate. Federalists were firm believers in the production of a strong central government and a broad interpretation of the Constitution. However, the Democratic Republicans believed that the government should followRead More1998 Dbq Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesVirtual vs. Reality 1998 APUSH DBQ Essay-Sam Ingalls-1st Hour Although Republicans and Federalists were characterized as having particular views towards the implementation of the Constitution, the Jefferson and Madison presidencies prove that even though virtually they believe one thing, realistically they could very possibly act another way. Following the making of the Constitution, James Madison brought forth the warning of political factions or parties as we know today in one of his manyRead More1998 Ap Ushistory Dbq Essay1078 Words   |  5 PagesNardine Salama 1998 DBQ ESSAY AP. USHISTORY The origins of the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties can be traced back to the early 1790s. Initially, the Federalists, or broad constructionists, favored the growth of federal power and a strong central government. The Federalists promulgated a loose interpretation of the Constitution, which meant that they believed that the government could do anything by the implied powers of the Constitution or that congress had the right toRead MoreThe United States History I - Federalists Vs. Republicans Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States History I – HIST V07A Dialog 3 – Topic A: Federalists vs. Republicans Even when discussing the draft of Constitution and after its ratification by the states there were two currents in the American republic, later became the first political parties. The Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton wanted to create a strong central government with the supremacy of national interests. Their opponents, later called democratic republicans sought restrictions on the powers of the national governmentRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Vs. Thomas Jefferson1289 Words   |  6 PagesOctober 17, 2014 Government Ms. Bishop Alexander Hamilton vs. Thomas Jefferson During the ratification of the Constitution of 1787, the Federalist and Anti-federalist views created tensions and barriers between the two. Federalists, who supported the making of a new document, the Constitution, differed from Anti-federalists who believed that â€Å"the new system threatened liberties and failed to protect individual rights.† Anti-federalist, such as Patrick Henry, James Winthrop and Samuel Adams, believedRead MoreThomas Jefferson, Man Of Citizens1000 Words   |  4 Pagessignifies the first time that there was a change in power of presidency. After Washington served his two terms, Adams was elected. They were both Federalists, however, Thomas Jefferson was a Democratic Republican candidate. The election was a realigning election that ushered in a generation of Republican Party rule and the eventual demise of the Federalist Party in the First Party System. (Thomas Jefferson, 2015). The major social issues that came about during this election were opposition to the tax

Internet and Information Paper - 783 Words

Internet and Information Paper Your name University of Phoenix Media and American Culture HUM/176 Wendell Smith July 20, 2012 Internet and Information Paper Hello, It’s good to hear from you. You’re right to be fascinated about the internet; it can be a great tool. I use the internet nearly every day it’s like having a dictionary, thesaurus, almanac, encyclopedia, and library all rolled into one and open 24 hours a day 7 days a week. The internet is a great tool however finding the information you’re looking for is like finding a needle in a stack of paperclips, lots of information that’s similar but not quite what you’re looking for it. The most common tool we use to†¦show more content†¦The digital divide is a term used for to describe the growing distance between those with access to information and those who don’t have the access. We would be a perfect example of the digital divide. What makes us a perfect example would be your lack of access to the internet and electronic devices like smartphone, computers, and the internet and how I have access to all of that information at the tou ch of my fingers. One aspect of the digital divide is the speed in which people can access information. The difference between high speed internet and dialup can have a major impact on staying informed. One way we are trying to bridge the digital divided is by trying to increase access to the internet. Organizations like the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation have been leading advocates of provided the public access to the internet with networked computers in libraries since 1997. Some would say we are succeeding at least in the United States now that nearly 99 percent of public libraries have internet access available to the public. Now we are working on expanding the number of computers in those libraries. With the increasing use of smartphones the digital divide between different white Americans and African Americans shrunk greatly. Globally we face a harder time closing the gap since the digital divide closely follows behind the economic divide. As theShow MoreRelatedUsa Today an d Wall Street Journal Swot1643 Words   |  7 PagesLower Education Level Readers 6. More Popular in Lower Income Families (under $80,000) 7. Use of Google Ads 8. Popularity Greatly Exceeds the Competition Outside the WSJ 9. Short Distribution to Circulators Weaknesses 1. Decline of Paper Reading 2. Availability of Free Online Articles Before Subscription 3. Lack of Youth Appeal- Average Age is 50 Years Old 4. More of A Domestic Newspaper Compared to the WSJ, offered in London and a few select cities 5. Wide Range of CoverageRead MoreImpact Of Internet On Modern Business1699 Words   |  7 PagesBeruvides IE 4320 4 Dec. 2015 Internet Impacts on Modern Business Introduction Internet is a powerful and an influential tool in today’s world. Nowadays, people can easily access internet from anywhere and anytime. It has an enormous influence for various aspects of life, such as business, education, economy and communication. The business activities and the sharing of information was so much different before internet came and made all those processes easier. Internet connects the people all aroundRead MoreThe Importance of Computer in Education1018 Words   |  5 Pagescopies instead of hard ones, helps save paper. The advantages of computers in education primarily include: -Storage of information -Quick data processing -Audio-visual aids in teaching -Better presentation of information -Access to the Internet Quick communication between students, teachers and parents Computer teaching plays a key role in the modern education system. Students find it easier to refer to the Internet than searching for information in fat books. The process of learningRead MoreThe Importance of Computer in Education1011 Words   |  5 Pagessoft copies instead of hard ones, helps save paper. The advantages of computers in education primarily include: -Storage of information -Quick data processing -Audio-visual aids in teaching -Better presentation of information -Access to the Internet Quick communication between students, teachers and parents Computer teaching plays a key role in the modern education system. Students find it easier to refer to the Internet than searching for information in fat books. The process of learning has goneRead MoreInternet Is Getting More Advanced1388 Words   |  6 PagesInternet is getting more advanced. People over the world have access to the Internet at their home that allows them to be educated, to communicate with families and friends from far distance, and to be entertain by movies. Colleges, hospital, and other public places also provide free Internet for people to use. Internet makes it possible for people to share their knowledge of education and their experimental around the world. Teachers across the world can communicate with each other better than beforeRead More Plagiarism in the 21st Century Essay1632 Words   |  7 Pagespresenting them, unacknowledged, as one’s own†.[1] This problem was limited in the past by the lack of materials available to plagiarize, eithe r in libraries, newspapers, magazines, or in academic files of campus organizations. With the birth of the Internet however, the ability to commit fraud through plagiarism has greatly increased. In this electronic age, there are many materials available that promote plagiarism, and many measures being applied to detect it. Along with the plagiarism materialsRead MoreHistory Of Internet On The World1486 Words   |  6 PagesJosh Margolis EMF140 November 2, 2015 History of Internet Before the the Internet was created, linking the world, human beings were already thinking with a connected mind. While messages obviously were unable to be transferred electronically, humans invented different ways to trade information and news with other people. Firstly was the post. In order to send a friend a message, a letter would have had to been written and mailed. Mailing messages was a long process, often taking days to getRead MoreThe Internet s Effect On Children822 Words   |  4 PagesSome people say the internet is helping children, but some people say the internet doesn t. If children are using the internet for the right purpose they are learning, but it is so easy to get distracted by ads or mobile games and use the internet for other things than school work. People are inventing new ways to stop those distractions such as ad blockers, setting specific hours of games and homework. People have had different opinions about if the internet has made children smarter or not, myRead MoreInternet Communication as a Tool for Qualitative Research1127 Words   |  5 PagesMethod 1 Running head: Research Problem and Method Paper Internet Communication as a Tool for Qualitative Research Research Problem and Method Paper Abstract: While calloborating on the research community, the World Wide Web has opened a different perspective and provides access for data collection. The Internet user can now engage in research on a world-wide, low costRead More Plagiarism On The Increase Essay1236 Words   |  5 Pagescampuses, with the immense resources presently available to people. Previously, individuals were restricted to finding information in resources such as books, magazines, journals, encyclopedias and newspapers, but with the technology and the growth and popularity of the Internet, plagiarism has truly become an issue. There seems to be a direct correlation with the increasing use of the Internet and decreasing amount in student writing. Plagiarism.org defines plagiarism as the improper use, or failure to

1. Marketing research Essay Example For Students

1. Marketing research Essay (1.1) Market * Size of the market The size of the market is large the whole car industry (world-wide) with multi-billion pound worth of value. Below are some of the car manufacturers today: Acura | Alfa Romeo | American Motors | Audi | British Marques | BMW | Bricklin | Bugatti | Buick | Cadillac | Chevrolet | Chrysler | Citroen | Daewoo | DeLorean | DeTomaso | Dodge | Eagle | Ferrari | Fiat | Ford | General Motors | Holden | Honda | Hyundai | Infiniti | Isuzu | Jaguar | Jensen | Kia | Lada | Lamborghini | Lancia | Lexus | Lincoln | Lotus | MG | Maserati | Mazda | Mercedes Benz | Mercury | Mitsubishi | Nissan | Oldsmobile | Opel | Peugeot | Plymouth | Pontiac | Porsche | Renault | Rover | Saab | Saturn | Skoda | Studebaker | Subaru | Sunbeam | Suzuki | TVR | Toyota | Trabant | Triumph | Tucker | Vauxhall | Vector | Volkswagen | Volvo * Market structure The type of marketing in which we are concerned with can be categorised as industrial marketing. This means that we are making specialised products that are sold to car companies and manufacturers rather than the general public. The obvious reason for this is that the product is assumed to be fitted onto cars by engineers only. * Industry output Below is the statistics on car production. This information is required as we need to identify growth potential which is the key to find a new opportunity. A growing market is where prices and margins are higher and therefore more desirable. * Mode of transport This research covered travel patterns among London passengers. Travelling by car comes first with a share of 49% and bus usage follows with 19%. This is shown below. Source : London Transport Household Survey (1.2) Product * Factors that may affect demand for the product Demand for this type of product may be affected by several factors: 1. The rate of national income which depends on the Gross National Product (GNP) and the capital consumption. As the national income increases, so does the production of goods and services which include cars. The quarterly national accounts is shown below. Personal sector Industrial and commercial Gross domestic Gross domestic Gross national saving ratio companies financial product at current product at constant disposable income at surplus or deficit market prices factor cost constant market prices per cent bn 1990=100 seasonally adjusted 1996 Q1 11. 7 1 131.1 107.6 108.3 Q2 11.9 2.6 132. 7 108.2 109.4 Q3 11.7 1.3 134.4 108. 9 109.8 Source: ONS 2. Demand is also affected by a change in price of the product. A survey was conducted to find the general response to price changes. 30 samples of potential customers were taken and the result of the survey is shown below. * Competitors Pricing The chart below shows how car manufacturers (up-market) charge for their electrical optional equipment. (1.3) Competitors * Competitive analysis The company is a leader in terms of the product its developed but in such a large market, many other new technologies have been introduced. These products are designed to help improve vehicle owner safety and security. They offer significant potential for automotive manufacturers. A study called APEAL by J.D. Power has shown that consumers best interests are technologies that lessen the chance of an accident. This could mean that the product has some chances of success. This could be further proved by certain tests. Some of the emerging technologies of greatest interests to consumers are: * Run-flat Tyres : drive up to 100 miles on a flat tyre * Automatic 911 dialling : in an accident, vehicle would automatically contact 911 * Vision Enhancement : computer screen display to aid driving when visibility is poor * Automatic Stability Control : Sensor which keeps driver from losing control * Remote start-up : A button on the key which would start the vehicle from a distance 2. Marketing of the product (2.1) Product and Planning * Product lines and ranges The company, so far, will manufacture a single product (one line) at a single price (one range). .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 , .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 .postImageUrl , .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 , .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355:hover , .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355:visited , .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355:active { border:0!important; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355:active , .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355 .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u03d4ab55cf0344700e89f505e3465355:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essential Aspects of Communication Displayed Through Film Essay Therefore we need not worry about the product mix at the moment, though preparations should be done prior to further product development such as variations in models, quality offered at different price levels, responses to consumer needs or manufacturing process. (2.2) Packaging * Package design The package should provide protection, .

Hkcee Chemistry 2007 free essay sample

The products of cracking contained unsaturated (hydrocarbons) / alkenes / C=C / ethane / reasonable name of alkene, which decolourised the bromine water immediately by addition reaction (2) (II) The student then dropped more bromine water into the boiling tube until the brown colour of the bromine water persisted. After about 10 minutes, the brown colour disappeared. Why? The products of cracking also contained saturated (hydrocarbons) / alkanes / methane/reasonable name or molecular formula of alkane, which decolourised the bromine water slowly by substitution reaction. 2) 3. The diagram below shows the set-up used in performing a microscale experiment. A drop of hydrochloric acid was added to the drop of chlorine bleach in a petri dish was immediately covered with is lid. Chlorine gas formed by the reaction between chlorine bleach and hydrochloric acid eventually filled up the whole set-up. a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between chlorine bleach and hydrochloric acid. (1) b) State the expected observation at position C and position D. In each case, write a relevant chemical equation if a reaction occurred. i. Position C Change (from colourless) to brown/yellow (1) (1) ii. Position D No observable change/reaction (1) c) Suggest one advantage of replacing test tube experiments with morescale experiments. Less chemicals are used / less harmful to environment / less dangerous / easy to handle / save money / save time (1) 4. A student learnt from a book that an ancient chemical cell could be made by immersing an iron rod in a liquid placed inside a copper can. The liquid used was vinegar but not wine. The diagram below shows the set-up designed by him in simulation the cell. ) Explain, in terms of structure and property of particles why the liquid inside the ancient chemical cell was vinegar but not wine. Both vinegar and wine contain molecules. (1) Only vinegar (ethanoic acid) can ionize in water / contains (mobile) ions for conducting electricity. (1) b) The student found that the iron rod dissolved gradually, and colourless gas bubbles were given out on the inner wall of the copper can. i. Write a half equation, involving iron, for the reaction that occurred at the iron rod. (1) ii. Write a half equation for the reaction that occurred on the inner wall of the copper can. 1) c) The student found that colourless gas bubbles were also given out at the surface of the iron rod that immersed in vinegar. Explain the observation. Iron reacts directly with vinegar/H+ (aq) giving out hydrogen gas. (1) 5. A solid sample contains zinc and copper only. The composition of the solid sample was analysed experimentally as outlined below: 2. 00 g of the solid sample was added to excess dilute hydrochloric acid in a beaker. Upon completion of reaction, the mixture inside the beaker was filtered. The residue obtained was first washed with distilled water, and then dried. The mass of the dried residue was 1. 75 g. a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction involved. (1) b) How can one know that the reaction has been completed? No further gas evolved (1) c) Explain why it is necessary to wash the residue obtained. To wash away Zn2+ / Cl- / H+ / ZnCl2 / HCl /acid left behind (1) d) Explain why it is NOT appropriate to dry the residue with a Bunsen flame after washing. Copper will be oxidized / become copper(II) oxide / copper reacts with oxygen (or air) (1) e) Assuming negligible experimental errors, calculate the percentage of zinc by mass in the solid sample. Percentage of zinc by mass in the sample = (2. 00 – 1. 75)/2. 00 x 100% = 12. 5% (2) 6. Read the paragraph below and answer the questions that follow. Magnesium is a useful metal. Scientists adopt different methods to extract magnesium form magnesium oxide. In 1828, a scientist obtained magnesium in two steps. In the first step, magnesium oxide reacts with chlorine and carbon to form magnesium chloride. In the second step, the magnesium chloride formed reacts with potassium to give magnesium. In 1951, some scientists adopted another chemical process to obtain magnesium form magnesium chloride. Potassium is not used in this process, and there is even no need to use any other chemicals. | a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction that occurred in the first step of the method used by the scientist in 1828. (1) b) Name the type of reaction between potassium and magnesium chloride. Why can potassium react with magnesium chloride to give magnesium? Redox (reaction) / displacement (reaction) (1) Potassium is a more powerful reducing agent / more reactive than magnesium (1) c) I. What would be the chemical process that can obtain magnesium from magnesium chloride, without using potassium or other chemicals, in 1951? Electrolysis (1) II. What property does magnesium chloride possess so as to make the chemical process possible? Magnesium chloride is an ionic compound / electrolyte/conduct electricity in molten state/contains mobile ions. (1) d) Suggest one use of magnesium in daily life. Sacrificial protection / making alloy / firework / flash (1) 7. This question involves how to distinguish four unlabelled test tubes, each containing one of the following colourless liquids: a) By heating a small amount of each of the colourless liquids to dryness, ONE of the liquids can be distinguished. Suggest which liquid can be distinguished, and state the observation involved. Concentrated sodium hydroxide solution (1) Solid / powder left (1) b) By applying a flame directly to a small amount of each of the colourless liquids, TWO of the liquids would catch fire. i. Suggest which two liquids would catch fire. Methanol and hexane (1) ii. For the two liquids that would catch fire, the observations involved during combustion are different. Suggest the difference in these observations, and explain your answer. Methanol burns with a blue flame while hexane burns with a yellow flame / hexane burns with a more sooty flame than methanol (1) Carbon content in hexane is higher than that in methanol (1) iii. Without using other chemicals apart from the above colourless liquids, suggest another method to distinguish the two liquids that would catch fire. State the expected observation. (Smelling is not accepted. ) Add distilled water / conc. Sodium hydroxide solution separately to methanol and hexane. Methanol is miscible with distilled water. Conc. Sodium hydroxide solution while hexane is not. (1) OR Just mix then together. Two layers are observed. Upper layer is hexane while lower layer is methanol. OR Carry out boiling point test. The one with higher boiling point is hexane. 8. a) Teflon is a plastic that can be used to make artificial hip joints. Teflon is an addition polymer of linear structure consisting of carbon and fluorine only. The ratio of the number of carbon atoms to the number of fluorine atoms in the polymer is 1 : 2. i. Draw a portion of the Teflon structure with 10 carbon atoms. (1) ii. Write the repeating unit of Teflon, and suggest a possible monomer of Teflon. Repeating Unit: (1) Monomer: CF2— CF2 / Tetrafluoroethene (1) b) Nylon is a polymer that can be used to make carpets. A portion of the nylon structure is shown below: i. With reference to the given structure, explain whether nylon is a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic. Nylon is a thermoplastic as there are no cross links. (1) ii. Suggest one reason why recycling of used carpets to recover nylon is difficult. Carpets may be made of a variety of materials. Separating nylon from carpets may be difficult. (1) iii. State one disadvantage of disposing of nylon carpets by incineration. Poisonous gas / NO2 / NO / CO / HCN / soot may evolve. (1) For question 9, candidates are required to give answers in paragraph form. For the question, 6 marks will be awarded for chemical knowledge and 3 marks for effective communication. 9. A certain brand of rust remover contains an acid of high concentration. The rust remover can be used for removing tough rust stains; while the rust remover, after dilution, can be used for removing comparatively light rust stains. Write some instructions, with reasons, on how the rust remover can be used safely at home. Two sentences have been given below as an introduction. The rust remover should be kept out of reach from children as it contains an acid of high concentration. The rust remover should not be swallowed because it is harmful. Chemical knowledge (6) Corrosive property * Safety glasses / goggles / rubber gloves / protective clothings / avoid contact with skin or eyes / wash with plenty of water it contacted with skin. * Because acid of high concentration is corrosive. Dilution process * Add slowly small amount of rust remover into a large amount of water with stirring * Because large amount of heat given out in dilution of the rust remover (acid of high concentration) / avoid rust remover (acid) splashing out. Other potential dangers Use plastic container instead of metal / do not use to clean marble / do not mix with chlorine bleach or caustic soda / do not put in warm place * Because will damage metal container / damage marble / toxic gas evolves if mix with chlorine bleach / large amount of heat releases if mix with caustic soda / acidic gas evolves if put in warm place. Effective communication (3) Section B 10. In an experiment to determine the concentration of phosphoric acid (H3PO4), 10. 0 cm3 of the acid was first diluted 250. 0 cm3 with distilled water. 25. 0 cm3 of the diluted solution was then transferred to a conical flask and titrated with a 0. 25 M sodium hydroxide solution using phenolphthalein as indicator. 17. 60 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution was needed to reach the end point. a) Describe briefly how 10. 0 cm3 of phosphoric and can be diluted to 250. 0 cm3 with distilled water in the laboratory. 10. 0 cm3 of the acid is transferred into a 250. 0 cm3 volumetric flask using a pipette. (1) Distilled water is added up to the graduation mark. (1) b) Phosphoric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide in the titration according to the following equation: Calculate the molarity of the original phosphoric acid before dilution. No. of moles of NaOH = 0. 0176 x 0. 025 = 4. 40 x 10-4 No. f moles of H3PO4 in 25. 0 cm3 of the dil. soln. = 4. 40 x 10-4 / 2 = 2. 20 x 10-4 Molarity of the original phosphoric acid = 2. 20 x 10 -4 x 10 / (10/1000) = 0. 22 M (3) c) ‘At the beginning of titration, the solution in the conical flask turned pink upon the addition of sodium hydroxide solution but because colourless immediately upon swirling. However, pear the end point, the solution took longer time to become colourless upon swirling. ’ Explain why the time needed for the solution to become colourless is different at the two stages mentioned above. Neutralization is a quick process. 1) As titration proceeds, concentration of acid decreases, less chance of NaOH to contact with the acid / rate of reaction decreases. (1) d) In the titration, the 0. 025 M sodium hydroxide solution was used a standard solution. i. What does the term ‘standard solution’ mean? A solution of known concentration. (1) ii. Comment whether it is appropriate to prepare a standard solution of sodium hydroxide by the following procedure: ‘Weigh a sample of solid sodium hydroxide, dissolve it in some distilled wa ter and make up to a known volume of solution. ’ Not appropriale. Solid sodium hydroxide absorbs water/CO2 readily in air. 1) 11. In a chemical piant, extraction of copper from its ores involves roasting copper(I) sulphide with air inside a high temperature fumace. Copper(I) sulphide reacts with oxygen in air according to the following equation: The copper so extracted contains impurities including metals such as silver, iron, zinc and gold. The impure copper is then purified by electrolysis as illustrated in the diagram below: a) With reference to the reaction between copper(I) sulphide and ixygen, identify the species undergoing oxidation and the species undergoing reduction. Explain your answers in terms of changes in oxidation numbers. Species undergo oxidation is sulphide ion, O. N. of S changes from -2 to -4. (1) Species undergo reduction are copper(I) ion and oxygen, O. N. of Cu changes from +1 to 0 and O. N. of O changes from 0 to -2. (1) b) Explain briefly bow impure copper can be purified by electrolysis as illustrated in the diagram above. The impure copper anode (+ve electrode) becomes copper(II) ions / Cu Cu2- + 2e- (1) Copper(II) ions in the solution discharge on the pure copper cathode (-ve electrode) / Cu2- + 2e- Cu (1) c) Insoluble impurities deposit under the impure copper anode as ‘anode sludge’. According to the information given, suggest what substances the anode sludge would contain. Explain your answer. Silver and gold (1) They are less reactive than copper (less readily to dissolve as ions when compared with copper) (1) d) ‘The concentration of copper(II) ions in copper(II) sulphate solution remains UNCNGED in the above electrolysis. ’ Is this statement correct? Explain your answer. Not correct. Concentration of copper (II) ions drops gradually. At anode, iron/zinc dissolve as ions because they become ions more readily then copper. (1) However at cathode, copper (II) ions are always preferentially discharged. 1) e) State TWO advantages of building a factory in which contact process is carried out near the chemical plant mentioned above * SO2 available as resource for contact process. * The cost of transportation of SO2 is minimized * Prevent air pollution induced by SO2. (any 2 points above, 1 mark for each point, 2) 12. Organic compound Z contains carbon, h ydrogen and oxygen only. Analysis of Z gives the following results: i. 1. 0 g of Z contains 0. 401 g of carbon, 0. 068 g of hydrogen and 0. 531 g of oxygen. ii. 1. 0 g of Z, upon complete vapourisation, occupies 400 cm3 at room temperature and pressure. ii. There are no observable changes when potassium carbonate solution is added to Z. iv. Brown colour of bromine remains unchanged when several drops of bromine in organic solvent are added to Z. (Molar volume of gas at room temperature and pressure = 24 dm3) a) Calculate the empirical formula of Z. (2) b) Deduce the molecular formula of Z. (2) c) i. Suggest a possible structure of Z. Explain your answer. HCOOCH3 (1) Explanations: From (III): Z is not an acid. (1) From (IV): No C=C double bond in Z. (1) ii. Five the systematic name for the compound represented by the structure you suggested in (i). Methyl methanoate (1) For question 13, candidates are required to give answers in paragraph form. For this question, 6 marks will be awarded for chemical knowledge and 3 marks for effective communication. 13. Discuss the similarities and differences between soapy detergents and soapless detergents with reference to their raw materials, structures and properties. Chemical Knowledge (6) * Both soapy and soapless detergents have ionic group / head and long hydrocarbon chain / tail. * Both soapy and soapless detergents have hydrophilic property and hydrophobic property. Soapy detergents made from fats / oils, while soapless detergents made from petroleum. * Soapy detergents have —COO- group, while soapless detergents have —SO3 / —OSO3- group. * Soapy detergents cannot wark with hard water / acidic medium, wile soapless detergents can. * Bother soapy and soapless detergents act as wetting agents. * Both soapy and soapless detergents act as emulsifying agents * Soapy d etergents are wsually biodegradable, while soapless detergents usually are not. * Soapless detergents can be tailor-made, while soapy detergents cannot. Effective communication (3)